DEFINITION
A subjective increase in urinary protein detected by dipstick analysis; objectively, a urinary protein:creatinine ratio > 1 or a 24-h urinary protein content > 20 mg/kg
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Greater than normal delivery of low-molecular-weight plasma proteins to the glomerulus
Excessive leakage of proteins across the glomerular basement membrane secondary to altered permselectivity of the glomerulus
Reduced tubular reabsorptive capacity for proteins, or exudation of blood or serum into the lower urinary tract
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